Top Ten 4G Bands Globally
Top Ten 5G Bands Globally
What is a Mobile Network
A Mobile Network is a system that allows users to communicate wirelessly over large geographical areas by using a series of interconnected base stations. Each base station contains large transmitters and receivers which facilitate communication between user devices. Modern day Mobile Networks can be thought of as enormous wireless internet connections, similar in many ways to a simple WiFi modem but on a much grander scale.
Mobile Network Operators (MNO's) are companies who have built and operate their own network infrastructure. This is contrasted to Mobile Virtual Network Operators (MVNOs), which are far greater in numbers, who rebrand and sell access to another company's network.
Each MNO operates one or more frequencies called carriers which, not surprisingly, are used 'carry' data through the air. Data are encoded onto a carrier frequency according to a common standard, such as 3G, 4G, or 5G. Each standard details the digital techniques used to encode the data and the antenna techniques used to transmit the carrier, along with detailing how multiple carriers can be operated together to provide greater speed.
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YouSee (TDC), Denmark's largest quadruple play service provider, was established as a result of a long evolution in the country's telecommunications sector. The company's origins can be traced back to 1963 when Jydsk Telefon, a regional telephone company, first showed interest in cable television. However, it was not until 1985 that the Danish Parliament (Folketing) allowed regional companies to develop a nationwide cable TV infrastructure. In 1990, a new law enabled the creation of a nationwide Danish telecom, Tele Danmark, which became the parent company for existing regional companies. By...
Zain Iraq, a subsidiary of the Kuwaiti mobile telecommunications company Zain, operates within Iraq. The parent company was established in 1983 as MTC (Mobile Telecommunications Company) and underwent a rebranding in 2007 to become Zain. The company's presence in Iraq is part of its broader commercial operations, which extend across seven countries in the Middle East. As of 2019, Zain had 49.5 million active customers.
The corporate ownership of Zain is divided, with the Kuwait Investment Authority holding approximately 24.6% and Omantel possessing 21.9%. The Vice Chairman and Group CEO is...
Zain Jordan is a subsidiary of the Kuwaiti mobile telecommunications company, Zain Group. The parent company, originally known as MTC (Mobile Telecommunications Company), was founded in 1983 in Kuwait and rebranded as Zain in 2007. Zain Jordan, as part of the Zain Group, operates within the telecommunications sector in Jordan. The parent company's Vice Chairman and Group CEO is Bader Nasser Al-Kharafi, who took up the role in March 2017. The ownership of the Zain Group is divided, with the Kuwait Investment Authority holding approximately 24.6% and Omantel owning 21.9%. The remaining shares...
Zain Kuwait, officially known as Mobile Telecommunications Company K.S.C.P., is a Kuwait-based mobile telecommunications company. Its establishment dates back to 1983, when it was initially known as MTC (Mobile Telecommunications Company). The company underwent a rebranding process in 2007 and took on its current name, Zain. The Vice Chairman and Group CEO, Bader Nasser Al-Kharafi, has been leading the company since his appointment in March 2017.
The ownership of Zain Kuwait is distributed among several entities. The Kuwait Investment Authority holds a significant share of 24.6%, while...
Zain KSA, officially known as Mobile Telecommunication Company Saudi Arabia, is a telecommunications and digital services provider in Saudi Arabia. The company was established as a Saudi Joint Stock Company on 12 March 2008, and began commercial operations in August of the same year. Zain KSA entered the market as the third telecom operator in the country, after obtaining the necessary licenses from the Communications and Information Technology Commission (now known as CST).
In 2016, Zain KSA's existing 25-year license was extended for an additional 15 years by a High Order from the CST. The...
Zain South Sudan is a mobile communications and information technology services provider operating in South Sudan. It is a subsidiary of the Zain Group, a multinational telecommunications corporation that has a presence in eight Middle Eastern and North African countries. Zain South Sudan is the second-largest telecommunications network company in South Sudan, maintaining a significant customer base in the country.
The company was formed as a result of the 2005 Naivasha Agreement between the Khartoum central government and the Sudan People's Liberation Army/Movement (SPLA/M). Following a...
Zain Sudan, initially known as Mobitel, is a mobile phone operator that was established in Sudan in 1996. It is a subsidiary of the Zain Group, a leading telecommunications corporation based in Kuwait. In 2011, a significant segment of the company branched off to form Zain South Sudan. The ownership of Zain Sudan is vested in the parent company, Zain Group.
Zambia Telecommunications Company Limited, commonly known as Zamtel, is a government-owned telecommunications service provider operating in Zambia. The company's roots trace back to the first telephone exchange installed in Livingstone as part of the General Post Office (GPO) in 1975. The GPO later transformed into the Zambian Post and Telecommunication Corporation (PTC), which was eventually split into two separate entities: the Zambia Postal Services Corporation (Zampost), and Zamtel. This division was a result of the Telecommunications Act passed by the Zambian government in July 1994.
In...
Zantel is a telecommunications company that operates within Tanzania. Established in 1999, it serves as a key player in the Tanzanian telecommunications sector. The company's ownership is a joint venture, with Millicom International Cellular and the Government of Tanzania holding a significant stake.
ZET Mobile is a telecommunications company operating in Tajikistan. The company began operations in 2006. Tacom was a majority owned subsidiary (98%) and member of the VEON group of companies until its sale to the private investor in May 2019. The company rebranded to ZET Mobile following the sale.
Zipnet is a reputable telecommunications company that operates extensively within the borders of Ghana. The company was established in 2001, making it one of the early pioneers in the country's telecommunications industry. Its ownership is predominantly Ghanaian, reflecting a strong commitment to local investment and economic growth.
Zong, formally known as CMPak Limited, is a prominent mobile data network operator based in Pakistan. The company is wholly owned by China Mobile, marking it as their first overseas establishment. It gained its license to operate a GSM network in Pakistan in 2008 through an acquisition from Millicom. The company's history dates back to 1991, when it began operations as Paktel under Cable & Wireless. It was the first company in Pakistan to be granted a free license for cellular phone services.
In 2007, Millicom International Cellular S.A. sold its majority stake in Paktel to China Mobile...
Flow Curaçao is a telecommunications company operating in Curaçao. Previously branded as Chippie, the company was part of the UTS Group, a holding company overseeing operations across Bonaire, Curaçao, French St. Maarten, Saba, St. Eustatius, and St. Maarten. In January 2019 the governments of Curacao and Sint Maarten announced the sale of their residual 12.5% stake in UTS, making the entity wholly privately owned. In September 2019 US-based Liberty Latin America (LLA) completed its acquisition of UTS and subsequently rebranded to Flow.